Risk factors
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- Cigarette/tobacco smoke ? Cigarette smoking is the biggest risk factor for sudden cardiac death. Smokers? risk of heart attack is more than twice that of nonsmokers. Giving up smoking
- High blood cholesterol levels ? The risk of coronary artery disease rises as blood cholesterol levels increase. When other risk factors (such as high blood pressure and cigarette smoke) are present, this risk increases even more. Healthy eating
- High blood pressure ? High blood pressure increases the heart?s workload, causing it to enlarge and weaken over time. It also increases the risk of stroke, heart attack, kidney failure and congestive heart failure. When someone with high blood pressure is overweight, smokes, has high blood cholesterol levels or diabetes, the risk of heart attack increases several times.
- Physical inactivity ? Even modest levels of low-intensity physical activity are beneficial if done regularly and long term. Exercise can help control blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity as well as help to lower blood pressure. Exercise
- Obesity ? People with an excessive amount of body fat are more likely to develop heart disease even if they have no other risk factors. Excess weight increases the strain on the heart; it influences blood pressure and cholesterol, and can lead to diabetes. Healthy eating
- Stress ? Scientists have noted a relationship between coronary heart disease and chronic stress. Stress reduction
- Substance abuse ? People with a history of substance abuse, particularly cocaine and alcohol abuse place themselves at risk for heart disease.
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